Summary: known for his significant contributions to both fields during the period of 500-1000 A.D. He introduced the concepts of zero and decimal system in his works, revolutionizing mathematical calculations. Varahamihira, another prominent figure of the time, made precise calculations on the precession of equinoxes and revised the luni-solar calendar to account for accumulated precession. Bhaskaracarya II furthered the advancements in astronomy by developing theories on planetary motion, astronomical instruments, and detailed computations for celestial observations. These astronomers, along with other scholars like Kalyana Varma, significantly influenced the progress of astronomy in India, laying down the foundation for future astronomical studies. Their works on astronomical instruments, observations, and calculations reflect the rich heritage and creativity of Indian astronomers, paving the way for the scientific development in the field.