Summary: aggressive behavior in order to access limited resources, such as food or mates, may play a crucial role in understanding the distribution and abundance of animal populations. Scientific investigations, including experiments on density, distribution, dispersal, and physiological responses to environmental components like temperature, food, or predators, provide valuable insights into ecological dynamics. These studies aim to explain the fluctuations, survival strategies, and population dynamics observed in natural habitats. Chitty's hypothesis, emphasizing intraspecific aggression as a driving factor in population fluctuations, has been influential in ecological research. However, the application of this hypothesis in explaining patterns of animal behavior and abundance requires further empirical validation and scrutiny. In light of recent findings, the consideration of alternative explanations, such as resource availability or mating dynamics, may offer a more comprehensive understanding of ecological systems. Overall, the interplay of multiple environmental components shapes the complex relationships within animal populations, necessitating ongoing research and critical evaluation of ecological theories.