Summary: The organized activity of Indians in foreign countries for the cause of India's self-government and freedom has been understated until recent years, with notable individuals like Dadabhai Naoroji and Madame Cama leading the efforts. The emergence of Gandhiji's leadership further fueled Indian nationalism abroad, garnering support in Great Britain and the United States. The Gandhian movement intensified public opinion abroad, fostering understanding of Indian issues among groups and individuals working for the cause. Despite challenges faced by Indian patriots working abroad in the pre-Gandhi era, efforts such as the India Home Rule Society were significant. The Indo-German Conspiracy Trial in San Francisco in 1918 brought attention to the complex, international nature of the Indian freedom movement. The trial included false accusations against Rabindranath Tagore, highlighting internal feuds and shifting allegiances within the movement, with some members succumbing to espionage and geopolitical pressures. It revealed the deep-rooted desire for Indian independence and the intricate web of conspiracies surrounding it.