Summary: In the speech by Zahruddin on the topic of democracy and nationalism, Mirza sought to avoid elections by proclaiming that fair elections would lead to bloodshed. Ayub Khan emerged as a more capable leader than Mirza, who eventually had to leave Pakistan under political pressure. Ayub's regime faced student unrest and legislative obstacles, leading to the Martial Law and Basic Democracy being lifted. Despite efforts by the Ayub regime to control media and political dissent, demands for political freedom persisted, with the old politicians pushing their nominees into the legislature. Ayub's attempts to maintain a democratic facade while consolidating power under manipulation tactics led to the acknowledgment of the necessity of reviving political parties and securing majority support in the National Assembly, ultimately highlighting the challenges and paradoxes in the theory and practice of basic democracy in Pakistan.