Summary: The history of inflation, as documented in various sources, reveals a persistent depreciation in the real value of money over time. The phenomenon has been witnessed in various countries, from Babylonia to the Roman Empire to modern economies like Russia and India. Causes of inflation have ranged from wars, deficit financing, to structural weaknesses in the economy. In India, factors such as food shortage, rising public expenditure, and black money have contributed to inflationary pressures. Efforts to combat inflation have included fiscal and monetary policies, price controls, and income policies. While inflation may vary across countries, it often leads to economic instability, reduced savings, distorted investment patterns, and social challenges. The relationship between inflation and economic growth has been a subject of debate with some suggesting that lower inflation rates are associated with higher growth rates. However, the complex nature of inflation requires a multifaceted approach towards understanding and addressing its underlying causes and implications.