Summary: The seminar on Demographic Problems of Eastern India held in Calcutta in 1967 was organized by the Bureau of Applied Economics & Statistics to address issues specific to the region. Presided over by Dr. C. Chandrasekharan, discussions were held on general demographic problems, population growth, and analysis techniques. Papers by scholars highlighted vital rates estimation, fertility differentials, and population projections, shedding light on migration patterns, urbanization, and changing age structures. Concerns over a growing population affecting health systems and development were addressed, especially in West Bengal, where fertility surveys indicated the need for birth control methods. The impact of migration on worker distribution among different industrial categories was also explored, with contrasts noted between indigenous and migrant populations. The seminar emphasized the importance of comprehensive demographic research and collaboration across various sectors for sustainable solutions to the demographic challenges facing Eastern India.