Summary: The book "India—The Land and People Industrial Development" by M.R. Kulkarni explores the transition of India to modern industry, focusing on various sectors like plantations, infrastructure, textiles, and industrialization during pre-war periods and war eras. It discusses the challenges faced by Indian industries, including coal-mining and oil exploration, and the development of railways and textile factories. The narrative highlights the impact of colonisation, technological advancements, and the Swadeshi movement on India's industrial growth. It also touches upon the significance of indigenous initiatives like the Chittaranjan locomotive works and the role of planned industrialisation in shaping the industrial landscape of post-independent India. Moreover, the book analyses the evolution of various industries over two decades, showcasing the challenges, progress, and future prospects in transforming India's industrial sector. The book portrays a comprehensive overview of India's industrial journey, emphasizing the need for innovation, indigenous development, and strategic planning for sustainable growth in the industrial sector.