Summary: justice, equality, and fraternity, the Constitution of India was adopted on November 26, 1949, by the Constituent Assembly representing the people of India. Declaring India a sovereign democratic republic, the Constitution establishes the ultimate sovereignty of the people of India and asserts independence from external authority. Grounded in the principles of a welfare state, the Constitution embodies the concept of economic justice through the Directive Principles of State Policy, aiming to eliminate poverty and ensure equal distribution of wealth and resources. In addition to economic democracy, individual liberties such as freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship are safeguarded under the Constitution. Balancing the parliamentary system of government with an elected president, the Indian Constitution upholds principles of ministerial responsibility and ensures the functioning of a democratic society where each citizen feels a sense of ownership and participation.