Summary: The text discusses the pressing issue of agricultural indebtedness in India, dating back to British rule, particularly in the Deccan region. The Government's response to agrarian crises in the 19th century, such as the cotton crisis and agrarian disturbances in 1875, led to the enactment of laws to relieve the Deccan ryots. Factors contributing to the problem include limitations on land alienation, the need for capital, inefficient bureaucratic processes hindering loan disbursement, and rigid repayment rules. Recommendations involve extending loan repayment periods, reducing interest rates, and simplifying procedures. The text also delves into the historical context of land ownership, mortgage systems, and the role of cooperative credit societies in relieving agricultural indebtedness. Lastly, proposed legislative measures aim to abolish imprisonment for debt, prevent land sales in satisfaction of debt, and ensure fairness in financial dealings. The central Deccan region, with its distressed population, serves as a focal point for discussing effective solutions to alleviate the burden of indebted agriculturalists.