Summary: The Buddhist tradition in Ceylon has been a mix of local animism, Hinduism, and Buddhism, with a superstructure of Indian beliefs and ceremonies allowing for a diverse religious landscape. The practice of reciting scriptures, known as Bana, and performing rituals such as Pirit for protection against evil, show a blend of Buddhist and indigenous beliefs. While Ceylonese Buddhism has preserved the main doctrines and discipline of the Pali scriptures, it also incorporates elements of local animism and Hindu rituals. Monastic establishments were present in key centers like Kancipuram, which played a significant role in preserving the Buddhist tradition even as Sivaism started to dominate by the third or fourth century. This religious syncretism has resulted in a unique blend of traditions in Ceylon, with influences from local animism, Hinduism, and Buddhism shaping the religious practices of the region.