Summary: The opium revenue in Assam, under the administration of Mr. Cosgrave, was a significant source of income, leading to a 350% increase in revenue by 1920-21, while consumption only decreased slightly, and even rose again in times of prosperity. Despite the alarming consequences of opium addiction on the indigenous population, the government continued to prioritize revenue over addressing the moral and social implications of the drug. The opium trade also extended to Burma, with excessive smoking prevalent, exacerbating the issue. The impact of opium addiction on health, social welfare, and industrial laborers was evident, with reports of high mortality rates among tea plantation workers and cities showing widespread consumption, particularly among mothers who would 'dope' their babies, highlighting the urgent need for effective policies to curb the opium epidemic and protect vulnerable populations from its harmful effects.