Summary: many of them defaulted on their loans, leading to the collapse of many co-operative societies. The lack of determination to raise their standard of living and the focus on obtaining cheap credit instead of genuine cooperation led to the failure of the co-operative movement in many areas. The need for a cultural and spiritual shift in the attitude of the villagers towards rural reconstruction is emphasized, highlighting the importance of discipline, self-sacrifice, and individual responsibility in driving progress. The challenge lies in instilling a sense of pride, ownership, and genuine interest in cooperative efforts among the villagers to ensure sustainable development and progress in rural areas.