Summary: Bengal faced a devastating famine in 1943, where a million and a half people perished due to a shortage of food, leading to circumstances of moral, social, and administrative breakdown. The Floud Commission was set up to investigate the causes of the food shortage and epidemics in Bengal, focusing on ways to prevent such crises in the future. The Commission highlighted that the economic conditions in Bengal were not sustainable, with low agricultural productivity and inadequate food supply, leading to the famine. Recommendations included improving food crop yield, enhancing food distribution systems, and ensuring access to emergency medical relief. The report emphasized the need to address the root causes of the famine to prevent its recurrence and ensure the well-being of the population. The Floud Commission's findings underscore the urgency of enhancing food security and healthcare infrastructure in Bengal to avert future humanitarian crises.