Summary:  denying the Vedantins' concept of Brahma as the Supreme Being, viewing it as unintelligent and unconscious. They argue that cognition is an affection of the internal organ and that only the internal organ is the cognizer. Furthermore, they question the Vedantins' use of terms like "right notion" and "subject of right notion" for intelligence or Brahma. The discussion also delves into the role of ignorance in bondage, with ignorance being the root cause of all miseries and the removal of ignorance leading to liberation from suffering. Additionally, the text touches on the identification of the soul with the body and the consequences of desire and aversion, leading to actions that accrue both demerit and merit.