Summary: Kitchener, in his role as Commander-in-Chief and High Commissioner, faced various challenges and responsibilities in managing military operations and civil affairs. He implemented measures to improve the training and discipline of troops, including a competitive evaluation system to enhance performance. He also addressed complex issues in Egypt, such as economic hardships for farmers and tensions arising from external conflicts. Kitchener navigated diplomatic challenges, such as the aftermath of the Italo-Turkish war and the continuous turbulence in Tripoli. In Egypt, he worked towards agricultural prosperity through initiatives like the Aswan Dam and irrigation schemes. Furthermore, he recognized the need for financial reforms to protect the vulnerable fellahin from exploitative lending practices, highlighting his efforts to balance economic stability with social welfare in the region.