Summary: The Central Archaeological Library published the first edition of "Ancient Races of Baluchistan, Panjab, and Sind" in April 1964, focusing on archaeological surveys. The report highlights the gap in publications on human remains since Taxila in 1933, with the Harappa Human Skeletal Remains report shedding light on skeletal remains through the initiative of Professor N. K. Bose. The report raises concerns about the lack of anthropological context in previous reports and emphasizes the need for closer collaboration between archaeologists and anthropologists. Focus is given to skeletal remains from Mohenjodaro, Chanhudaro, and Baluchistan, analyzing racial affinities and burial practices, with a call to revise the term "Indo-Aryan” in light of Caspian and Indo-Aryan migrations. Detailed analyses of cranial indices and burial practices at various sites provide insight into the ancient races and cultural practices of the region, shedding light on customs, migrations, and racial identities in antiquity.